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Retraction Note: Fabrication of new composite NCuTiO<sub>2</sub>/CQD for photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin and pharmaceutical wastewater treatment: degradation pathway, toxicity assessment

Nature作者：Roghayeh Noroozi2026年8月12日正文已收录本站
  • Retraction Note
  • Open access
  • Published:
  • Mitra Gholami2,
  • Vahide Oskoei3,
  • Mohsen Hesami Arani2,
  • Seyedeh Azar Mousavifard1,
  • Binh Nguyen Le4,5 &
  • …
  • Mehdi Fattahi4,5 

Scientific Reports volume 16, Article number: 25098 (2026) Cite this article

Retraction of: Scientific Reports https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-42922-4, published online 28 September 2023

The Editors have retracted this Article.

After publication, concerns were raised regarding the reliability of some of the reported data. Specifically, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image published in Fig 3b of this Article appears to closely resemble a SEM image in Fig 4b in a previously published paper by different authors1. In addition, concerns were raised with respect to the energy‑dispersive X‑ray spectroscopy (EDX) data. The Editors requested the underlying raw data, but the Authors were unable to provide it. The Editors therefore no longer have confidence in the findings reported in this Article.

Vahide Oskoei did not explicitly state if they agree or disagree with this retraction. Roghayeh Noroozi disagree with this retraction. The remaining Authors did not respond to correspondence from the Editors about this retraction.

Reference

  1. Isari, A. A. et al. N, Cu co-doped TiO2@ functionalized SWCNT photocatalyst coupled with ultrasound and visible-light: an effective sono-photocatalysis process for pharmaceutical wastewaters treatment. Chem. Eng. J. 392, 123685. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2019.123685 (2020).

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran

    Roghayeh Noroozi & Seyedeh Azar Mousavifard

  2. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Mitra Gholami & Mohsen Hesami Arani

  3. School of Life and Environmental Science, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia

    Vahide Oskoei

  4. Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam

    Binh Nguyen Le & Mehdi Fattahi

  5. School of Engineering &Technology, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam

    Binh Nguyen Le & Mehdi Fattahi

Authors

  1. Roghayeh Noroozi
  2. Mitra Gholami
  3. Vahide Oskoei
  4. Mohsen Hesami Arani
  5. Seyedeh Azar Mousavifard
  6. Binh Nguyen Le
  7. Mehdi Fattahi

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Roghayeh Noroozi or Mehdi Fattahi.

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Noroozi, R., Gholami, M., Oskoei, V. et al. Retraction Note: Fabrication of new composite NCuTiO2/CQD for photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin and pharmaceutical wastewater treatment: degradation pathway, toxicity assessment. Sci Rep 16, 25098 (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-66316-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-66316-4